The Supreme Court of India has reaffirmed the right to privacy as a fundamental right, protected under the Constitution of India. Background: The case originated from a petition challenging the validity of the Aadhaar scheme, which mandated the use of a unique identification number for various government services. Parties: The petitioners, including Justice K.S. Puttaswamy, argued that the Aadhaar scheme violated their right to privacy. The respondents, including the Union of India, contended that the right to privacy was not a fundamental right. Legal issues: The court examined whether the right to privacy was a fundamental right, and if so, whether it was absolute or subject to reasonable restrictions. Court observations: The Supreme Court held that the right to privacy was a fundamental right, inherent in the right to life and liberty under Article 21 of the Constitution. The court observed that the right to privacy was not absolute, but was subject to reasonable restrictions. Significance: The judgment has significant implications for the protection of individual privacy in India, particularly in the context of government surveillance and data collection. The court's recognition of the right to privacy as a fundamental right will have far-reaching consequences for various aspects of Indian law, including data protection and surveillance.